About Journal

Spektrum: Jurnal Ilmu Politik Hubungan Internasional, Volume 23, Number 2 (2026) presents scholarly articles addressing contemporary developments in politics, political economy, international relations, governance, and social transformation in the global and digital era. Using diverse qualitative and quantitative approaches, this issue examines digital and political literacy, digital activism and boycott movements, green finance, religious and political transformation in Saudi Arabia, and institutional strategies for combating corruption. The issue also discusses Indonesia’s bilateral economic cooperation through IK-CEPA, asymmetric interdependence in Indonesia–China nickel downstreaming, and emerging inequalities caused by electoral digitalization. A postcolonial feminist perspective on the representation of Indigenous communities in visual media further enriches the critical discussion of power, identity, and marginalization. The editorial team sincerely appreciates the contributions of the authors, reviewers, and editors involved in the publication process. We hope this issue strengthens academic discourse and serves as a valuable reference for future research and policy development in political science and international relations.