PENINGKATAN KINERJA TERMAL ALAT PENGERING JAGUNG BERBASIS KOLEKTOR SURYA DENGAN MODIFIKASI GEOMETRI PELAT ABSORBER BERGELOMBANG

Usman; Mahmuddin; Ishak Amar; Hendi Lilih Wijayanto; Muhammad Alfian

doi:10.36499/jim.v22i1.15437

Authors

Usman Teknik Perawatan Mesin, Politeknik Industri Logam Morowali
Mahmuddin Politeknik Industri Logam Morowali
Ishak Amar Politeknik Industri Logam Morowali
Hendi Lilih Wijayanto Politeknik Industri Logam Morowali
Muhammad Alfian Politeknik Industri Logam Morowali

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36499/jim.v22i1.15437

Keywords:

efisiensi termal, geometri absorber, kolektor surya, pengering jagung, perpindahan panas

Abstract

Modifikasi geometri pelat absorber merupakan salah satu pendekatan strategis untuk meningkatkan perpindahan panas pada kolektor surya, namun kajian eksperimental yang membandingkan secara langsung pengaruh bentuk gelombang segi empat dan setengah lingkaran terhadap kinerja sistem pengering jagung masih sangat terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh geometri pelat absorber bergelombang segi empat dan setengah lingkaran terhadap kinerja termal kolektor dan performa pengeringan jagung menggunakan metode eksperimental langsung (direct experimental method) di bawah kondisi radiasi matahari alami. Pengujian dilakukan terhadap 6 kg jagung dengan kadar air awal 25,5% (basis basah) selama 360 menit, dengan interval pengamatan setiap 45 menit. Parameter yang dianalisis meliputi penurunan kadar air, kecepatan udara, laju aliran massa udara (ṁa), energi panas berguna (Q_U), dan efisiensi termal kolektor (ηth). Efisiensi termal tertinggi dicapai pada interval pengeringan menit ke-225, yaitu sebesar 39,8% untuk pelat segi empat dan 32% untuk pelat setengah lingkaran. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pelat absorber segi empat memberikan kinerja lebih baik dibandingkan setengah lingkaran: kadar air akhir yang dicapai sebesar 9,2% berbanding 10,8%; kecepatan udara maksimum masing-masing 0,9 m/s dan 0,8 m/s. Peningkatan performa ini dipengaruhi oleh luas permukaan efektif yang lebih besar serta turbulensi aliran yang lebih tinggi pada geometri segi empat, sehingga optimasi geometri absorber terbukti meningkatkan efektivitas sistem pengering surya.

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