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Abstract

Minyak bumi sebagai sumber energi semakin berkurang dan semakin mahal. Salah satu sumber energi hijau yang ramah lingkungan dan berkelanjutan adalah biodiesel dari minyak nyamplung. Tujuan penelitian ini adalau untuk mengobservasi aktivitas katalis ZnO, CaO berpendukung MCM-48 yang teraktivasi dengan CTAB dan NaCl di dalam reaksi esterifikasi minyak nyamplung menjadi biodiesel. Kondisi reaksi yang diterapkan yaitu, suhu 60 °C, selama 1 jam, 2% (b/b) katalis, dan 1:9 (b/b) minyak banding metanol. Sintesis katalis dilakukan menggunakan metode hidrotermal pada suhu 100 °C selama 48 jam dan dikalsinasi dengan suhu 550, 650, dan 750 °C. Karakterisasi katalis menggunakan metode FTIR dan XRD. Aktivitas katalis di dalam reaksi esterifikasi diidentifikasi menggunakan metode titrasi asam-basa. Data FTIR menunjukan adanya serapan CH alifatik, Si-OH, Si-O-M (M. Si, Zn, Ca). Difraktogram sinar X katalis menunjukan adanya puncak pada daerah 2θ 2-3o (dua puncak) dan beberapa puncak pada daerah 2θ 4-5o yang merupakan ciri MCM-48. Rendemen reaksi yang diperoleh sebesar 62,55% dan 81,21% untuk katalis ZMZ/NaCl/650 dan ZMZ/NaCl/750. Persen aktivitas berturut-turut untuk kedua katalis tersebut lebih tinggi 1,83% dan 0,23% daripada katalis H2SO4. Kedua katalis ini mempunyai potensi sebagai kandidat pengganti katalis konvensional (H2SO4) yang tidak ramah lingkungan dan sering digunakan sebagai katalis di dalam reaksi esterifikasi pada bahan baku biodiesel yang memiliki kadar FFA lebih dari 20% seperti minyak nyamplung.

Keywords

Biodiesel CTAB Katalis heterogen bifungsional Minyak nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum) NaCl

Article Details

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