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Abstract
The purpose of this study was to design the proposed educational program using blended learning approach and study the effect of this approach on learning the basic skills of handball in middle school students. The researcher used quasi-experimental design to investigate the effectiveness of the proposed program and the effect upon the students' skill performance. The study sample included 30 middle school students from the Republic of Iraq in the 2024/2025 school year selected purposefully based on the objectives of the study. The proposed program combined traditional face-to-face teaching with electronic and multimedia teaching materials such as textbooks, audio materials, pictures, music, and teaching videos. Conventional paper materials were not used, and the teacher was still able to give explanation, demonstration, guidance, supervision and corrective feedback during the learning process. The results showed that the blended learning method was effective in increasing the performance level of the experimental group in the basic handball skills targeted in the experiment. The students' motivation was also enhanced by the integration of electronic resources with teacher guidance, which made them interact with the learning materials and gave opportunities to observe, practice, review, and correct. Furthermore, the program assisted with individual differences between learners by providing learning content in various formats and providing the learners learning at various speed. Multiple feedbacks also helped identify the errors in performance and strengthened correct motor responses. Overall, the findings indicate that blended learning is a promising method for skill acquisition and to improve physical education instruction for middle school students.
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References
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- • Al-Gharib Zaher Ismail (2009) : E-learning from application to professionalism and quality, Cairo: Alam Al-Kutub .
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- • Hamad bin Khalid Al-Khalidi (2007): The role of local and global computer networks in enhancing cooperative learning (a proposed vision). Journal of the Future of Arab Education, Qatar, (46), (95).
- • Ruqayyah Hamza Kanawi (2016 ) impact program Educational Using style Integrated on to learn skill aiming from jump And collection Cognitive in ball hand For students college Education Sports At the University Karbala , Master's Thesis, Faculty of Physical Education, Mansoura University.
- • fair quality Abdul Aziz Muhammad (2016): Impact Use learning Cooperative on level performance some Skills Basic in basketball And some values Ethics For students The episode Second from education Primary , College Education Sports Benin - University Zagazig
- • Abdul-Allah Ibrahim Al-Faqih (2011) Blended Learning: Educational Design - Multimedia - Innovative Thinking, Dar Al-Thaqafa for Publishing and Distribution, Amman.
- • Abdullah bin Abdul Aziz Al-Musa (2002 ) “E-learning: its concept..., characteristics..., benefits..., obstacles. ” A working paper submitted to the Future Symposium , King Saud University .
- • Issam Religion Shaaban Ali Hassan (2016): Effectiveness Program Educational Using strategy learning The mixed on time Academic learning And Attributes Physical And Level Performance In Throw Disc , Faculty of Physical Education, Assiut University, Scientific Journal of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Issue (76), Part (2) .
- • Afat Mustafa Al-Tanawi. (2002). Teaching and Learning Methods and Their Applications in Educational Research , Anglo-Egyptian Library, Cairo, Arab Republic of Egypt .
- • Awatif Abu Al-Ala, Political Education for Youth and the Role of Physical Education, Dar Al-Nahda for Printing and Publishing, Cairo.
- • Nashwa Ahmed El-Sayed (2013): The effectiveness of using blended learning on the shot put competition for female students of the Faculty of Physical Education, Zagazig University, unpublished doctoral dissertation, Faculty of Physical Education, Zagazig University.
- • Martin, H Robin (2004): How are 6th grade students cooperative behaviors affected after instruction in cooperative activities in physical education , Internet articles,
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- • Taradi , K. Taradi , M. Radi, K. & Pokrajac, N. (2009). " BlendingProblem -Based Learning with Web Technology Positively Impacts Student Learning Outcomes in Acid- Base Physiology ". Advan. Physiol . Edu.
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References
of Classroom Teaching, Dar Al-Masirah for Publishing, Distribution and Printing, Amman, Jordan .
• Al-Gharib Zaher Ismail (2009) : E-learning from application to professionalism and quality, Cairo: Alam Al-Kutub .
• Enaam Abbas Haider (2009) : Blended Learning in Medical Colleges. Journal of Engineering and Technology, Vol. 27, No. 5, Department of Medical Computing, College of Medicine, University of Baghdad.
• Hamad bin Khalid Al-Khalidi (2007): The role of local and global computer networks in enhancing cooperative learning (a proposed vision). Journal of the Future of Arab Education, Qatar, (46), (95).
• Ruqayyah Hamza Kanawi (2016 ) impact program Educational Using style Integrated on to learn skill aiming from jump And collection Cognitive in ball hand For students college Education Sports At the University Karbala , Master's Thesis, Faculty of Physical Education, Mansoura University.
• fair quality Abdul Aziz Muhammad (2016): Impact Use learning Cooperative on level performance some Skills Basic in basketball And some values Ethics For students The episode Second from education Primary , College Education Sports Benin - University Zagazig
• Abdul-Allah Ibrahim Al-Faqih (2011) Blended Learning: Educational Design - Multimedia - Innovative Thinking, Dar Al-Thaqafa for Publishing and Distribution, Amman.
• Abdullah bin Abdul Aziz Al-Musa (2002 ) “E-learning: its concept..., characteristics..., benefits..., obstacles. ” A working paper submitted to the Future Symposium , King Saud University .
• Issam Religion Shaaban Ali Hassan (2016): Effectiveness Program Educational Using strategy learning The mixed on time Academic learning And Attributes Physical And Level Performance In Throw Disc , Faculty of Physical Education, Assiut University, Scientific Journal of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Issue (76), Part (2) .
• Afat Mustafa Al-Tanawi. (2002). Teaching and Learning Methods and Their Applications in Educational Research , Anglo-Egyptian Library, Cairo, Arab Republic of Egypt .
• Awatif Abu Al-Ala, Political Education for Youth and the Role of Physical Education, Dar Al-Nahda for Printing and Publishing, Cairo.
• Nashwa Ahmed El-Sayed (2013): The effectiveness of using blended learning on the shot put competition for female students of the Faculty of Physical Education, Zagazig University, unpublished doctoral dissertation, Faculty of Physical Education, Zagazig University.
• Martin, H Robin (2004): How are 6th grade students cooperative behaviors affected after instruction in cooperative activities in physical education , Internet articles,
• Qiu, H. (2003). Effectiveness of e-learning. // A:page FilesSlide…1.htm93
• Taradi , K. Taradi , M. Radi, K. & Pokrajac, N. (2009). " BlendingProblem -Based Learning with Web Technology Positively Impacts Student Learning Outcomes in Acid- Base Physiology ". Advan. Physiol . Edu.
• Taylor, R. (2007). A blended online instructional approach to physical education instruction: A combination to enhance student cognitive and physical ability Retrieved from a ProQuest Digital Dissertations.