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Abstract
A study to design and develop an instructional curriculum based on the model of integration and inclusion containment method with musical accompaniment for teaching high jump event for students in physical education classes is intended. The main motive for this research is to find out how much a curriculum designed around the integration and inclusion containment method has a measurable effect when paired with music, on a student's acquisition and refinement of the high jump technique.
For this, the researcher used the experimental method as the methodological approach in carrying out her research, as it is known that this method is one of the most reliable and efficient methods that can be used to obtain sound scientific knowledge on a research problem. The experimental method was chosen because it provides the researcher with unique opportunities to predict and explain the results; to purposively manipulate the variables and conditions of the study; and to interpret conclusions that draw meaningful inferences about the underlying causes and relationships of the study.
The goals a researcher sets for a study and the processes that follow to reach those goals always influence and determine the nature of the selected community or sample for the study. Based on this, the researcher selected the first-year students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences comprising 153 students and equally divided into six academic sections of the college as the target population of the current study.
The process of random selection, among the various sections, resulted in the selection of Section (D) as the experimental group. The number of students in this section was at first 26 but those who were ill or failing in their studies were excluded and there were 6, leaving the number of students in the experimental group to be 20. This group was given instructions using the method of integration or inclusion, along with music, as a containment method.
A parallel selection process was used again, using a random lottery drawing to assign Section (C) to be the control group, which received the traditional teaching approach commonly used in physical education courses. The subjects of this control group were 20 students and distribution of these students in the groups was made randomly through lottery procedure to avoid any bias in the composition of the groups.
The results of this study indicated that the use of instruction technique of the integration and inclusion method combined with music was able to make a significant contribution to improve students' learning in the skill of high jump. Moreover, this instructional method was found to enhance the physical capacities and abilities needed in the high jump event, and to have a positive effect on the psychological state and disposition of the students participating in this event.
Finally, the findings confirm that it is better in comparative terms to integrate and include in the context of music than to use the traditional method in physical education lessons, not only with regard to how well it makes students learn and refine their technique of the high jump, but also with regard to how well they overall achieve the learning outcomes of the lesson.
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References
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- Bastawisi Ahmed Bastawisi: Foundations of Motion Theories, Cairo, Dar Al-Fikr Al-Arabi, 1996
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- • Mohamed Sobhi Hassanin and Hamdi Abdel Moneim: Scientific Foundations of Volleyball and Measurement Methods for Physical, Skill, Cognitive, Psychological, and Analytical Evaluation , Cairo, User Saif Press, 1988.
- Marwan Abdul Majeed Ibrahim: Foundations of Scientific Research for Preparing University Theses. 1st Edition, Al-Warraq Foundation for Publishing and Distribution, Amman, 2000.
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- Mustafa Muhammad Al-Sayeh: Modern Trends in Teaching Physical Education and Sports , Al-Isha’a Al-Fanniya Press, Alexandria 2001.
- Mervat Ali Khafaja: A comparative study of impact of using some teaching methods in Physical education at level of certain motor skills , published research, Journal of Theories Applications, Issue Thirteen, Faculty of Physical Education, Alexandria University, 1992.
- Najah Mahdi Shalash, Akram Muhammad Subhi: Motor Learning . Dar Al-Kutub for Printing and Publishing, University of Basra, 1994.
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References
Ahmed Hussein Al-Laqani : Dictionary of Educational and Cognitive Terms in Curricula and Teaching Methods , Cairo, Alam Al-Kutub, 1996.
Bastawisi Ahmed Bastawisi: Foundations of Motion Theories, Cairo, Dar Al-Fikr Al-Arabi, 1996
Bastawisi Ahmed Bastawisi: Track and Field Races - Education, Tactics, and Training , Cairo, Dar Al-Fikr Al-Arabi, 1997.
Khairia Ibrahim Al-Sukkari : use of medicine balls for training programs for throwing competitions, Cairo: Amateur Athletics Bulletin, Regional Development Center, Issue 18, 1996.
Saeed Omar Adel Al-Rawi: effect of two learning styles, mastery and inclusion, on learning swimming types, unpublished doctoral thesis, College of Physical Education, University of Baghdad, 2004.
Adel Fadel Ali : effect of using knowledge base systems in symbolic learning programs for learning offensive fencing skills, unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Baghdad: College of Physical Education, 2000.
• Amer Fakher Shaghati and others: Applications of principles and technical foundations of track and field games , Diyala, Al-Karrar Office, 2006.
• Qasim Hassan Hussein and Iman Shaker: Mechanical, Analytical and Technical Foundations of Field and Track Events , Amman, Dar Al-Fikr, 2000.
• Qasim Hassan Hussein : Talented Athlete, Amman, Dar Al-Fikr, 1999.
• Kamal Abdel Hamid and Mohamed Sobhi Hassanin: Physical Fitness and its Components - Theoretical Foundations - Physical Preparation - Measurement Methods, 3rd ed., Dar Al Fikr Al Arabi, Cairo, 1997.
• Mohammed Jassim Al-Yassiri Principles of Educational Statistics: An Introduction to Descriptive and Inferential Statistics, Najaf, Dar Al-Dhiyaa for Printing and Design, 2010.
• Mohamed Hassan Alawi, Osama Kamel Rateb: Scientific Research in Physical Education and Sports Psychology , Cairo, Dar Al-Fikr Al-Arabi, 1999.
• Muhammad Subhi Hassanin: Measurement and Evaluation in Physical Education and Sports , Vol. 1, 2nd ed., Cairo, Dar Al-Fikr Al-Arabi, 2001.
• Mohamed Sobhi Hassanin and Hamdi Abdel Moneim: Scientific Foundations of Volleyball and Measurement Methods for Physical, Skill, Cognitive, Psychological, and Analytical Evaluation , Cairo, User Saif Press, 1988.
Marwan Abdul Majeed Ibrahim: Foundations of Scientific Research for Preparing University Theses. 1st Edition, Al-Warraq Foundation for Publishing and Distribution, Amman, 2000.
Mustafa Bahi: Scientific Transactions Between Theory and Application . Cairo, Book Center for Publishing, 1999.
Mustafa Muhammad Al-Sayeh: Modern Trends in Teaching Physical Education and Sports , Al-Isha’a Al-Fanniya Press, Alexandria 2001.
Mervat Ali Khafaja: A comparative study of impact of using some teaching methods in Physical education at level of certain motor skills , published research, Journal of Theories Applications, Issue Thirteen, Faculty of Physical Education, Alexandria University, 1992.
Najah Mahdi Shalash, Akram Muhammad Subhi: Motor Learning . Dar Al-Kutub for Printing and Publishing, University of Basra, 1994.
Wajih Mahjoub et al.: Theories of Learning and Motor Development . Baghdad, Ministry of Education Press, 2000.
Wajih Mahjoub: Principles and Methods of Scientific Research , Amman, Dar Al-Manahij for Publishing and Distribution, 2000.