Main Article Content
Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to design and examine the effectiveness of a rehabilitation program combined with shortwave diathermy in reducing pain intensity and improving shoulder range of motion among males aged 20–30 years with upper-back myofascial pain syndrome.
Materials and Methods: This study used an experimental one-group repeated-measures design involving pre-test, middle-test, and post-test measurements. The participants were 20 male patients diagnosed with myofascial pain syndrome in the upper-back region at a rehabilitation center in Al-Kut. The rehabilitation program lasted eight weeks and consisted of three progressive phases: pain reduction, flexibility development, and functional strengthening. Shortwave diathermy was applied during the early phase, followed by structured rehabilitation exercises. Pain intensity was measured using the Visual Analog Scale, while shoulder range of motion was assessed through abduction, internal rotation, and external rotation tests. Data were analyzed using SPSS.
Results: The findings showed a significant reduction in pain intensity from pre-test to middle-test, particularly in rest pain, pressure pain, and movement-related pain. Further improvement was observed at the post-test, especially in angle pain. Shoulder range of motion also improved significantly across all measured movements, including abduction, internal rotation, and external rotation.
Conclusions: The rehabilitation program combined with shortwave diathermy was effective in reducing pain and improving shoulder range of motion in males with myofascial pain syndrome. The integration of deep-heat therapy and progressive rehabilitation exercises may provide a practical approach for restoring functional movement and preventing recurrence.
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References
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References
Abdel Gawad, A. B. S. (2009). Improving the electrophysiological efficiency of muscles working on the spine to reduce lower back pain associated with lumbar disc herniation. Scientific Journal of Physical Education, Alexandria University.
Al-Hiti, M. A. (2011). Fundamentals of sports training (1st ed.). Dar Al-Nour Publishing.
Al-Husseini, A. H. K. (2009). A proposed rehabilitation exercise program for chronic inflammation in the groin area among football players [Master’s thesis, Alexandria University].
Al-Jabouri, N. M. (2006). Sports: Health, fitness and flexibility (1st ed.). Arab Community Library for Publishing.
Al-Jarallah, S. K. H. (2006). The effect of a proposed rehabilitation method in treating some soft tissue injuries in the shoulder joint [Doctoral dissertation, University of Babylon].
Al-Lami, A. H. (2010). Sports training for students of colleges of physical education (1st ed.). Dar Al-Dhiya Publishing.
s
Al-Samarrai, F., & Ibrahim, H. (1988). Sports injuries and physical therapy (1st ed.). Middle East Printing Company.
Atito, A. A. S. (2016). Sports injuries and dealing with emergency situations (2nd ed.). Dar Al-Kutub Al-Hadith.
Borenstien, W. B. (2016). Neck pain: Medical diagnosis and comprehensive management. Congress Publication Data.
Cameron, M. H. (2018). Physical agents in rehabilitation: From research to practice (5th ed.). Elsevier Saunders.
Colby, L. A. (2018). Therapeutic exercise: Foundations and techniques (7th ed.). F. A. Davis Company.
Donnelly, J. M., et al. (2019). Travell, Simons & Simons’ myofascial pain and dysfunction: The trigger point manual (3rd ed.). Wolters Kluwer.
Forster, A., & Palastanga, N. (n.d.). Clayton’s electrotherapy: Theory and practice (9th ed.). Bailliere Tindall/Elsevier.
Hamza Al-Jarallah, S. K. (2006). The effect of a proposed rehabilitation method in treating some soft tissue injuries in the shoulder joint [Doctoral dissertation, University of Babylon].
Kisner, C., & Colby, L. A. (2017). Therapeutic exercise: Foundations and techniques. F. A. Davis Company.
Musa, M. A. (2006). Modern sports training (1st ed.). Al-Nakheel Press.
Othman, M. (2018). Training and sports medicine (1st ed.). The Book Center for Publishing.
Rushdi, M. A. (2017). Physical therapy and pain stimulation points (1st ed.). Dar Al-Huda Publishing.
Saladin, K. S. (2015). Anatomy & physiology: The unity of form and function (7th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education.
Simons, D. G., Travell, J. G., & Simons, L. S. (1999). Trigger point manual. Williams & Wilkins.
Tabour, A. B., & Katea, S. (2023). Design of an electronic device and rehabilitation program for shoulder joint stiffness injury and its effect on the degree of pain in ages 45–55 years. Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Sports Education Sciences, 23(2).
World Health Organization. (2022). Musculoskeletal health and rehabilitation.