Main Article Content
Abstract
The palm oil industry plays a crucial role in the global economy, particularly in Indonesia as one of the leading producers of palm oil. However, its production process generates a substantial amount of liquid waste known as Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME), which is rich in organic pollutants, including Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), as well as residual oil and grease. If not properly managed, POME can lead to environmental pollution and disrupt surrounding ecosystems. Conventional treatment methods, such as anaerobic ponds, induced air flotation, and coagulation–flocculation, present several limitations, including prolonged processing time and high operational costs. As an alternative, the use of eco-enzyme derived from the fermentation of organic waste, such as fruit peels, offers a more efficient and environmentally friendly solution. Eco-enzyme contains active enzymes, including lipase, protease, and amylase, which are effective in degrading complex organic compounds in POME, thereby naturally reducing BOD, COD, and TSS levels. Furthermore, the presence of organic acids and phenolic compounds in eco-enzyme contributes to pH neutralization and facilitates the adsorption of heavy metals in POME. This study aims to explore the potential of eco-enzyme as a sustainable technology for POME treatment, while also supporting the principles of zero waste and circular economy within the palm oil industry.
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References
- Ali, M., & Gopal, J. (2021). Role of enzymes in the eco-enzyme production from fruit waste: Biochemical insights and environmental applications. Environmental Technology & Innovation, 22, 101489.
- Basri, H. F., Muda, K., Omoregie, A. I., & Ling, Y. E. (2023). Enhancing palm oil mill effluent treatment through initial granulation of fruit and vegetable eco-enzymes. Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, 0123456789. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-023-04668-x
- Lin, H., Ma, R., Hu, Y., Lin, J., Sun, S., Jiang, J., Li, T., Liao, Q., & Luo, J. (2020). Reviewing bottlenecks in aerobic granular sludge technology: Slow granulation and low granular stability. Environmental Pollution, 263, 114638. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114638
- Galintin, O., Rasit, N., & Hamzah, S. (2021). Production and characterization of eco enzyme produced from fruit and vegetable wastes and its influence on the aquaculture sludge. Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry, 11(3), 10205–10214. https://doi.org/10.33263/BRIAC113.1020510214
- Gumilar, G. G. (2023). Ecoenzyme production, characteristics, and applications: A review. Jurnal Kartika Kimia, 6(1), 45–59. https://doi.org/10.26874/jkk.v6i1.186
- Harlin, F. I., & Handayani, D. (2024). Cendawan dari cairan ecoenzyme dan mama enzyme berbahan organik kulit jeruk dan kulit rambutan. Masaliq, 4(1), 379–391. https://doi.org/10.58578/masaliq.v4i1.2641
- Murdiana, H. E., Yuhara, N. A., Rahmavika, T., & Danila, D. (2022). Pelatihan pembuatan eco enzyme dari limbah organik rumah tangga di Dasa Wisma Sukun. Diseminasi: Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, 4(1), 55–60.
- Sutanto, D., et al. (2021). Characterization of fruit waste-based eco-enzyme and its potential use in wastewater treatment. Environmental Research, 197, 111112.
- Saratale, R. G., et al. (2020). Eco-enzyme production and its environmental applications: A review. Bioresource Technology Reports, 11, 100524.
- Zulfa, A., Rahman, N., & Yuliana, N. (2022). Pemanfaatan limbah kulit buah untuk pembuatan eco-enzyme dan aplikasinya. Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Lingkungan, 4(2), 87–95.
References
Ali, M., & Gopal, J. (2021). Role of enzymes in the eco-enzyme production from fruit waste: Biochemical insights and environmental applications. Environmental Technology & Innovation, 22, 101489.
Basri, H. F., Muda, K., Omoregie, A. I., & Ling, Y. E. (2023). Enhancing palm oil mill effluent treatment through initial granulation of fruit and vegetable eco-enzymes. Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, 0123456789. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-023-04668-x
Lin, H., Ma, R., Hu, Y., Lin, J., Sun, S., Jiang, J., Li, T., Liao, Q., & Luo, J. (2020). Reviewing bottlenecks in aerobic granular sludge technology: Slow granulation and low granular stability. Environmental Pollution, 263, 114638. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114638
Galintin, O., Rasit, N., & Hamzah, S. (2021). Production and characterization of eco enzyme produced from fruit and vegetable wastes and its influence on the aquaculture sludge. Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry, 11(3), 10205–10214. https://doi.org/10.33263/BRIAC113.1020510214
Gumilar, G. G. (2023). Ecoenzyme production, characteristics, and applications: A review. Jurnal Kartika Kimia, 6(1), 45–59. https://doi.org/10.26874/jkk.v6i1.186
Harlin, F. I., & Handayani, D. (2024). Cendawan dari cairan ecoenzyme dan mama enzyme berbahan organik kulit jeruk dan kulit rambutan. Masaliq, 4(1), 379–391. https://doi.org/10.58578/masaliq.v4i1.2641
Murdiana, H. E., Yuhara, N. A., Rahmavika, T., & Danila, D. (2022). Pelatihan pembuatan eco enzyme dari limbah organik rumah tangga di Dasa Wisma Sukun. Diseminasi: Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, 4(1), 55–60.
Sutanto, D., et al. (2021). Characterization of fruit waste-based eco-enzyme and its potential use in wastewater treatment. Environmental Research, 197, 111112.
Saratale, R. G., et al. (2020). Eco-enzyme production and its environmental applications: A review. Bioresource Technology Reports, 11, 100524.
Zulfa, A., Rahman, N., & Yuliana, N. (2022). Pemanfaatan limbah kulit buah untuk pembuatan eco-enzyme dan aplikasinya. Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Lingkungan, 4(2), 87–95.