Article Sidebar

Download
pdf
Statistic
Read Counter : 86 Download : 60

Main Article Content

Abstract

Red mud, a solid waste from extraction process of bauxite mineral in Alumina Industry, was utilized as a solid catalyst for biodiesel production from rice bran oil. Red mud catalyst was prepared at calcination temperature of 800 °C and calcination time of 4 hours. The performance of this catalyst will be evaluated in terms of molar ratio of oil to methanol to, reaction temperature, and catalyst concentration. The results show that biodiesel yield is increasing by increasing molar ratio of methanol to oil, reaction temperature and catalyst concentration. The optimum reaction conditions were obtained at 65 C of reaction temperature, 1:12 of oil to methanol molar ratio, and 10% of catalyst amount. The highest biodiesel yield of 85% was obtained. Red mud catalyst has potential as an effective and economic viability as heterogeneous catalyst for biodiesel production, while offering a solution in the sustainable utilization of industrial waste.

Keywords

biodiesel heterogeneous catalyst red mud rice bran oil

Article Details

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

References

  1. Guldhe, A., Singh, P., Ansari, F.A., Singh, B., & Bux, F. (2017). Biodiesel synthesis from microalgal lipids using tungstated zirconia as a heterogeneous acid catalyst and its comparison with homogeneous acid and enzyme catalysts. Fuel, 187, 180–188.
  2. Wahyudi, A., Kurniawan, W., & Hinode, H. Utilization of modified red mud as a heterogeneous base catalyst for biodiesel production.
  3. Hameed, B., Goh, C., & Chin, L. (2009). Process optimization for methyl ester production from waste cooking oil using activated carbon supported potassium fluoride. Fuel Processing Technology, 90(12), 1532–1537.
  4. Ofori-Boateng, C., & Lee, K.T. (2015). The potential of using cocoa pod husks as green solid base catalysts for the transesterification of soybean oil into biodiesel: Effects of biodiesel on engine performance. Chemical Engineering Journal, 220, 258–267.
  5. Alves, H., Da Rocha, A., Monteiro, M., Moretti, C., Cabrelon, M., Schwengber, C., & Milinsk, M. (2014). Treatment of clay with KF: New solid catalyst for biodiesel production. Applied Clay Science, 91, 98–104.
  6. Ba, J., Wei, G., Li, Z., Zhang, L., Pei, R., Xu, J., & Zhou, Y. (2022). Castor oil transesterification catalyzed by a new red mud based LiAlO₂-LiFeO₂ composite. Energy Conversion and Management, 254, 115214.
  7. Chen, J., Li, M., Li, M., Lin, X., & Qiu, T. (2021). Self-solidifying quaternary phosphonium-containing ionic liquids as efficient and reusable catalysts for biodiesel produced from acai seeds and red mud for biofuel production. Energy Conversion and Management, 228, 113636.
  8. Martínez, S.L., Romero, R., Natividad, R., & González, J. (2014). Optimization of biodiesel production from sunflower oil by transesterification using Na₂O/NaX and methanol. Catalysis Today, 220, 12–20.
  9. Vadery, V., Narayanan, B.N., Ramakrishnan, R.M., Cherikkallinmel, S.K., Sugunan, S., Narayanan, D.P., & Sasidharan, S. (2014). Room temperature production of jatropha biodiesel over coconut husk ash. Energy, 70, 588–594.
  10. Ren, Y., He, B., Yan, F., Wang, H., Cheng, Y., Lin, L., & Feng, Y. (2020). Continuous biodiesel production in a fixed bed reactor packed with anion-exchange resin as a heterogeneous catalyst. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 8(18), 6956–6963.
  11. Da Costa, J.M., & De Andrade Lima, L.R.P. (2012). Transesterification of cotton oil with ethanol for biodiesel using a heterogeneous catalyst. Bioresource Technology, 113, 19–22.
  12. Tang, Y., Xu, J., Zhang, J., & Lu, Y. (2013). Biodiesel production from vegetable oil by using modified CaO as solid basic catalysts. Journal of Cleaner Production, 42, 198–203.
  13. Dai, Y.-M., Kao, I.-H., & Chen, C.-C. (2017). Evaluating the optimum operating parameters of biodiesel production process from soybean oil using the Li₂TiO₃ catalyst. Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 70, 260–266.
  14. Riadi, L., Purwanto, E., Kurniawan, H., & Oktaviana, R. (2014). Effect of bio-based catalyst in biodiesel synthesis. Procedia Chemistry, 9, 172–181.
  15. Zhang, L., Wang, Y., Wei, G., Li, Z., & Huang, H. (2016). Biodiesel preparation from Jatropha oil catalyzed by KF/Red mud catalyst. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 38(12), 1713–1720.
  16. Senthil, M., Visagavel, K., Saravanan, C., & Rajendran, K. (2016). Investigations of red mud as a catalyst in Mahua oil biodiesel production and its engine performance. Fuel Processing Technology, 149, 7–14.
  17. Liu, Q., Xin, R., Li, C., Xu, C., & Yang, J. (2013). Application of red mud as a basic catalyst for biodiesel production. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 25(4), 823–829.
  18. Chakraborty, R., Bepari, S., & Banerjee, A. (2010). Transesterification of soybean oil catalyzed by fly ash and egg shell derived solid catalysts. Chemical Engineering Journal, 165(3), 798–805.
  19. Araujo, R.O., Santos, V.O., Ribeiro, F.C., Chaar, J.d.S., Pereira, A.M., Falcão, N.P., & Souza, L.K. (2016). Magnetic acid catalyst for biodiesel production.