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April 7, 2026
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July 21, 2026
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Abstract

Red skin Gnetum gnemon L. (melinjo) contains flavonoid and phenolic compounds and also has antioxidant activity. The chemical content of a plant can be affected by the environment in which it grows. This study aims to determine the antioxidant activity and to stipulated the total flavonoid and phenolic content of red melinjo skin extracts from three growing places. Red melinjo skin were extracted with 70% ethanol using ultrasonic method. Determination of antioxidant using the DPPH method (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) with ascorbic acid as a standard and measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 516 nm. The IC50 value was calculated by linear regression analysis between the concentration series and % inhibition. Determination of total flavonoid content using AlCl3 reagent with quercetin as a standard, meanwhile total phenolic content using Folin-ciocalteu reagent with gallic acid as a standard. Both measurements were carried out spectrophotometrically. IC50 value, total flavonoid and phenolic content were analyzed statistically by One Way Anova, continued with the Post Hoc Bonferroni. The results of antioxidant activity obtained IC50 values in the lowlands of 84.87±0.211 µg/mL, mediumlands 76.39±0.159 µg/mL and highlands 70.46±0.548 µg/mL. The total flavonoid and phenolic content increased along with height grow. The total flavonoid and phenolic content obtained from the highlands was 9.82±0.053 mgQE/g and 39.21±0.361 mgGAE/g. The antioxidant activity of red melinjo skin extracts from various height grow had a strong category (IC50 50-100 g/mL) and statistical results showed significant differences in IC50 value with total flavonoid and phenolic content.

Keywords

Antioxidant; Height grow; Red skin Gnetum gnemon L.; Total flavonoid and phenolic content

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