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Abstract

Antioxidants are compounds that can counteract free radicals and protect the body from degenerative diseases, such as heart disease, cancer, and diabetes. Kawista leaves (Limonia acidissima L.) are a natural source of antioxidants containing secondary metabolites, namely phenols, flavonoids, and tannins. This study aims to compare extraction methods (maceration, percolation, reflux, and soxhlet) in terms of antioxidant activity, total phenolic, flavonoid, and tannin content from kawista leaf methanol extracts. Antioxidant activity was analyzed using the DPPH method, while total phenolic, flavonoid, and tannin content were determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu, AlCl₃, and Folin-Denis methods, respectively. The results showed that the percolation method yielded the highest extract yield (23.3%) compared to reflux (18.9%), soxhlet (13.9%), and maceration (11%). The Soxhlet extract showed superior antioxidant activity, as indicated by a lower IC50 (93.21 ppm) compared to the maceration (119.81 ppm), reflux (114.01 ppm), and percolation (128.71 ppm) methods. The highest total levels of phenolic, flavonoid, and tannin were also observed in the soxhlet extract, with concentrations of 92.48 mg GAE/g, 6.49 mg QE/g, and 97.85 mg TAE/g, respectively. Thus, differences in extraction methods can affect the antioxidant activity and levels of secondary metabolites in methanol extracts of kawista leaves.

Keywords

Antioxidants Kawista Leaves DPPH Extraction Methods

Article Details

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Author Biography

Anita Dwi Puspitasari, Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Wahid Hasyim, Semarang

Scopus id 57224946642

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