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Abstract

Ethanol extract of clove (Syzygium aromaticum) flower contains triterpenoid compounds, coumarins, flavone aglycones, flavonoids, tannins and saponins which have antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans. Fractionation was carried out to separate compounds based on their polarity. This study aims to determine the chemical compound groups and antibacterial activity of fractions of clove flower extract against S. mutans. Ethanol extract of clove flower was partitioned successively with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and water. The extracts and fractions obtained were subjected to phytochemical screening. Antibacterial activity tests were carried out on fractions of concentration 20; 25; 30; 35%, using positive control ciprofloxacin 5μg/disk and negative control Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) solvent with disc diffusion method. The result of the antibacterial activity test characterized by the formation of zone of inhibition ​​which were then analyzed statistically for the n-hexane fraction, meanwhile descriptive analysis for the ethyl acetate and water fractions. The results show that the phytochemical compounds from all fractions contained coumarin group, flavone aglycones, and flavonoids while triterpenoid, phenolic and saponin compounds were found respectively only in the n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction and water fraction. The n-hexane fraction has antibacterial activity with an average zone of inhibition of 15.63±0.38 mm at 35% concentration, with a radical zone type. The ethyl acetate and water fractions produce an irradical zone type. Statistical analysis showed differences in zone of inhibition ​​between concentration of n-hexane fraction against S. mutans, except for concentrations of 20 and 25% and 30 and 35%.

Keywords

Antibacterial Clove (Syzygium aromaticum L.) flowers Fractions Streptococcus mutans Antibakteri Bunga cengkeh (Syzygium aromaticum L.) Fraksi-fraksi Streptococcus mutans

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